2 Kings 17:15

Authorized King James Version

And they rejected his statutes, and his covenant that he made with their fathers, and his testimonies which he testified against them; and they followed vanity, and became vain, and went after the heathen that were round about them, concerning whom the LORD had charged them, that they should not do like them.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּמְאֲס֣וּ
And they rejected
to spurn; also (intransitively) to disappear
#2
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#3
חֻקָּ֗יו
his statutes
an enactment; hence, an appointment (of time, space, quantity, labor or usage)
#4
וְאֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#5
בְּרִיתוֹ֙
and his covenant
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
#6
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#7
כָּרַ֣ת
that he made
to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e., make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutt
#8
אֶת
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
#9
אֲבוֹתָ֔ם
H1
with their fathers
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
#10
וְאֵת֙
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#11
עֵֽדְוֹתָ֔יו
and his testimonies
testimony
#12
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#13
הֵעִ֖יד
which he testified
to duplicate or repeat; by implication, to protest, testify (as by reiteration); intensively, to encompass, restore (as a sort of reduplication)
#14
בָּ֑ם
H0
#15
וַיֵּ֨לְכ֜וּ
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#16
וְאַֽחֲרֵ֤י
and went after
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
#17
הַהֶ֙בֶל֙
vanity
emptiness or vanity; figuratively, something transitory and unsatisfactory; often used as an adverb
#18
וַיֶּהְבָּ֔לוּ
and became vain
to be vain in act, word, or expectation; specifically to lead astray
#19
וְאַֽחֲרֵ֤י
and went after
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
#20
הַגּוֹיִם֙
the heathen
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
#21
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#22
סְבִֽיבֹתָ֔ם
that were round about
(as noun) a circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with or without preposition) around
#23
אֲשֶׁ֨ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#24
צִוָּ֤ה
had charged
(intensively) to constitute, enjoin
#25
יְהוָה֙
them concerning whom the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#26
אֹתָ֔ם
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#27
לְבִלְתִּ֖י
properly, a failure of, i.e., (used only as a negative particle, usually with a prepositional prefix) not, except, without, unless, besides, because n
#28
עֲשׂ֥וֹת
them that they should not do
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#29
כָּהֶֽם׃
H0

Analysis

The covenant theme here intersects with God's relationship with His people from Abraham through the new covenant. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of evolution from creation covenant through Abrahamic, Mosaic, Davidic, to new covenant. The phrase emphasizing covenant contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's relational commitment from Noah to the new covenant.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of covenant within the theological tradition of 2 Kings Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes covenant in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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